The surge was assumed by authorities to be lateseason flu which usually coincides with a mild influenzavirus b peak until april 21, when a cdc alert concerning two isolated cases of a novel swine flu was reported in the media see 2009 swine flu outbreak in the united states. Summary on april 2009, a novel influenza a h1n1 virus h1n1. Influenzavirus a, influenzavirus b, influenzavirus c, thogotovirus e isavirus. March 2009, an outbreak of influenza a h1n1 was reported in mexico that rapidly spread. Experience and lessons regarding national preparedness policies for seasonal and epidemic influenza jose a. Assessment of pandemic influenza a h1n1 in children. Increased influenza a virus detections were reported in belize and dominican republic. However it also contains global events of relevance to europe, such as declarations of.
Although influenza activity decreased in winter 2010 in mexico, pandemic a h1n1 represented 99% of influenza positive specimens collected during this period and was. Additional 2009 h1n1 and influenza a h3n2 clinical samples are tested for mutations of the virus known to confer oseltamivir resistance. The economic impact of h1n1 on mexico s tourist and pork sectors article pdf available in health economics 227. The virus had spread to the us from an outbreak in mexico the u. Previous pandemics have led to stockpiling of goods, the victimisation of particular population groups, and the cancellation of travel and the boycotting of particular foods e.
In addition, influenza c viruses may also cause illness in swine. Swine flu officially became a national emergency in the united states on a friday in late october, when us president barack obama signed an order giving health facilities extra power to. I no longer doubt that this is the next pandemic strain. May 01, 2009 here are my answers to questions about the currently circulating influenza h1n1 strain formerly swine flu sent by readers of virology blog. The 2009 swine h1n1 flu pandemic responsible for more than 17,000 deaths worldwide originated in pigs from a very small region in central mexico, a. In mexico, influenza activity continued to decrease, with influenza a h1n1 pdm09 and bvictoria lineage viruses cocirculating. Background in late march 2009, an outbreak of a respiratory illness later proved to be caused by novel swineorigin influenza a h1n1 virus soiv was identified in mexico. Thats really good news, and that would fit with what weve seen outside of mexico. This timeline of the 2009 influenza pandemic runs from the first described cases in california in april 2009 to july 10th 2010 when the who director general declared that the pandemic was over. In cuba, influenza activity of predominately a viruses increased in recent weeks. After the influenza a h1n1 pandemic in mexico in the spring of 2009 2 3 4, the mexican government trans mitted information through mass media so that people could learn about the disease. Thank you for submitting your article origins of the 2009 h1n1 influenza pandemic in swine in mexico for consideration by elife. Nov 15, 2011 surprisingly, we identified a recrudescent wave of excess mortality in winter 2010 that focused on older mexican persons, and may be attributed in part to pandemic a h1n1 activity.
Origins of the 2009 h1n1 influenza pandemic in swine in mexico. Door handles, tables, chairs, and all furniture are washed and dis infected with. During march and early april 2009, several areas in mexico experienced. A reader from mexico shared the following numbers with virology blog, then asked a question about hog cholera. Influenza ah1n1 tambien conocida como influenza porcina o gripe del cerdo. May 01, 2009 in the us there are 109 cases in 11 states.
Level of information about pandemic influenza h1n1 when asked how informed they felt about the influenza h1n1, a total of threequarters of the interviewees considered themselves informed. Also, the 2009 h1n1 influenza virus does not have adaptations consistent with viruses grown in laboratories. The 2009 flu pandemic in the united states was a novel strain of the influenza a h1n1 virus, commonly referred to as swine flu, that began in the spring of 2009. Outbreak of swineorigin influenza a h1n1 virus infection. All furniture should be cleaned with disinfectants. Pdf the economic impact of h1n1 on mexicos tourist and. Pneumonia and respiratory failure from swineorigin. Mar 30, 2010 r ecent efforts to prepare for influenza pandemics have been driven by the emergence and spread throughout asia of a highly pathogenic avian h5n1 influenza strain in wild birds and domestic fowl. The outbreak of the pandemic flu, influenza a h1n1 swine flu in early 2009, provided a major challenge to health services around the world.
Swine influenza a h1n1 strikes a potential for global disaster ncbi. It describes events from the perspective of european union and european economic area institutions and countries. Initial psychological responses to influenza a, h1n1. Centers for disease control and prevention cdc estimates that from april 12, 2009 to april 10, 2010, there were 60. It is spread from person to person by sneezing and talking, it can be mistaken for serious flu cases of other influenza. However, localized outbreaks of various magnitudes are likely to continue. This timeline will be continually updated with key dates, drawing on. Pandemias anteriores influenza pandemica influenza cdc. Who will probably soon raise the level of influenza pandemic alert from phase 5 to phase 6. Cdc en espanol medios sociales influenza h1n1 botones.
Chronicles of the epidemic of influenza a h1n1 in mexico. In 1977, influenza a h1n1 viruses produced epidemic disease in children and young adults worldwide. More information about pneumonia and influenza associated mortality is available in the 20152016 influenza season morbidity and mortality weekly report mmwr. Testing of 2009 h1n1, influenza a h3n2, and influenza b virus isolates for resistance to neuraminidase inhibitors oseltamivir and zanamivir is performed at cdc using a functional assay. Swine influenza is a highly contagious respiratory disease in pigs caused by one of several swine influenza a viruses. Metaphors about the influenza a h1n1 virus in mexico. Over half felt well informed 56%, and a further onefifth felt very well informed 19%. A new strain of swine flu influenza a h1n1 is spreading around the globe. To carry out the epidemiological analysis of 122 influenza a h1n1 deaths confirmed by laboratory and. In addition, a 2009 nature study showed that reassortment between influenza viruses found in north american and eurasia pigs had already occurred at least once naturally in the 5 years prior to the identification of 2009 h1n1 flu.
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